Dr. Biljana Gičevski
Ursus Speleos Research Society – Skopje
Faculty of Natural and Technical Sciences, Goce Delčev University – Štip

The Galičica Mountain is characterised by a pronounced karst landscape. Dissolution processes in carbonate rocks have led to the formation of various types of caves, which are an important subject of speleological and scientific research. The presentation “Speleological Research on Galičica” will introduce caves explored by the Ursus Speleos Research Society – Skopje, highlighting their morphological characteristics and distinctive features, microclimates, and cave fauna.

Special emphasis will be placed on modern methods for monitoring conditions within cave ecosystems. Data loggers are used to continuously monitor cave microclimates and hydrological conditions in underground waters, while camera traps are used to observe fauna that lives in caves or visits them occasionally. These measurements provide a better understanding of cave ecosystems and how they function.

As an important step towards the long-term monitoring of natural processes in the region, a permanent monitoring system has been established, comprising a meteorological station in the Prespa region and a hydrological station on Lake Prespa, which are interconnected. The system enables continuous monitoring of meteorological and hydrological parameters, providing a foundation for studying the links between atmospheric conditions, surface and groundwater, and the functioning of the karst system of Galičica.

The presentation will offer a behind-the-scenes look at speleological research, revealing how fieldwork, modern measurement technologies, and the established monitoring system contribute to a better understanding, appreciation, and conservation of Galičica’s underground natural heritage.